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From Warfare to Welfare

Defense Intellectuals and Urban Problems in Cold War America

Jennifer S. Light

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During the early decades of the Cold War, large-scale investments in American defense and aerospace research and development spawned a variety of problem-solving techniques, technologies, and institutions. From systems analysis to reconnaissance satellites to think tanks, these innovations did not remain exclusive accessories of the defense establishment. Instead, they readily found civilian applications in both the private and public sector. City planning and management were no exception.

Jennifer Light argues that the technologies and values of the Cold War fundamentally shaped the history of...

During the early decades of the Cold War, large-scale investments in American defense and aerospace research and development spawned a variety of problem-solving techniques, technologies, and institutions. From systems analysis to reconnaissance satellites to think tanks, these innovations did not remain exclusive accessories of the defense establishment. Instead, they readily found civilian applications in both the private and public sector. City planning and management were no exception.

Jennifer Light argues that the technologies and values of the Cold War fundamentally shaped the history of postwar urban America. From Warfare to Welfare documents how American intellectuals, city leaders, and the federal government chose to attack problems in the nation's cities by borrowing techniques and technologies first designed for military engagement with foreign enemies. Experiments in urban problem solving adapted the expertise of defense professionals to face new threats: urban chaos, blight, and social unrest. Tracing the transfer of innovations from military to city planning and management, Light reveals how a continuing source of inspiration for American city administrators lay in the nation's preparations for war.

Reviews

Reviews

An exceptionally useful contribution to the history of American cities, a book that takes seriously and does much to document the historical relationship between militarism and urban geography.

As historians of American cities stumble across missile experts straying far from their silos, they will find guidance in this careful account of a peculiar moment in urban policy.

A very interesting book about the way in which American institutions get bamboozled into adopting popular fads and trends that ought to be scrutinized more carefully.

Light stands some of the conventional Cold War wisdom on its head... This study not only closes the loop between business management and the military back to the civilian sector, but also reminds readers of the continuing nature of unintended consequences that flow from expert technological obsessions when allied to policy making.

If the volume tells us something new and important about the history of planning, it is at the same time a cautionary tale, one that might well offer lessons to those today who are proposing many related technologies—geographic information systems, remote surveillance systems and the like—as a means for solving urban and military problems.

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Book Details

Publication Date
Status
Available
Trim Size
6
x
9
Pages
304
ISBN
9780801882739
Illustration Description
6 halftones, 3 line drawings
Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Planning for the Atomic Age: Creating a Community of Experts
Part I: Command, Control, and Community
2. The City as a Communication System
3. Cybernetics and Urban Renewal
Pa

Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Planning for the Atomic Age: Creating a Community of Experts
Part I: Command, Control, and Community
2. The City as a Communication System
3. Cybernetics and Urban Renewal
Part II: Cities in the Space Age
4. Urban Intelligence Gathering
5. Moon-Shot Management for American Cities
Part III: The Urban Crisis as National Security Crisis
6. Cable as a Cold War Technology
7. Wired Cities
Conclusion
Notes
Note on Sources
Index

Author Bio
Featured Contributor

Jennifer S. Light, Ph.D.

Jennifer S. Light is an associate professor of communication studies, history, and sociology at Northwestern University.